ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili o ka paipu welded a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wela e hana mau ʻia e ka hoʻomehana induction a i ʻole ka wela wela.ʻO nā palena ʻenehana nui ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili, ka paʻakikī kūloko a me ka hohonu o ka papa paʻakikī.Hiki i ka ho'āʻo paʻakikī ke hoʻohana iā Vickers hardness tester, hiki ke hoʻohana i ka Rockwell a i ʻole ka paʻakikī o Rockwell.ʻO ke koho o ka ikaika hoʻāʻo (kaulike) pili i ka hohonu o ka papa paʻakikī kūpono a me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili o ka paipu welded.Aia ma ʻaneʻi ʻekolu paʻakikī.
Hōʻailona hōʻailona
Kemimi waiwai: kiʻekiʻe wela kū'ē, haʻahaʻa wela kū'ē, kaʻakika kū'ē, alkalinity, oxidation kū'ē, etc.;
Ka hana kaʻina hana: filament stretching, fracture inspection, hoʻopiʻi pinepine, hoʻohuli ʻana, hoʻohuli ʻia, ʻelua ala torsion, hoʻāʻo hydraulic, hoʻāʻo flaring, kulou, crimping, pālahalaha, hoʻonui apo, hoʻopaʻa apo, microscopy Organisation, cupping test, metallographic analysis, etc.;
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ʻole: X-ray non-destructive testing, electromagnetic ultrasonic, ultrasonic, eddy current testing, magnetic flux leakage testing, penetrating testing, magnetic particle testing;
Nā waiwai mīkini: ka ikaika tensile, ka hopena hopena, ka helu hua, ka lōʻihi ma hope o ka haʻihaʻi, ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka ʻāpana, ka papa kuhikuhi paʻakikī (Rockwell hardness, Brinell hardness, Vickers hardness, Leeb hardness, Webster hardness);
ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe: ka hana metallographic, inclusions, decarburized layer, microstructure content determination, corrosion cause analysis, grain size and microscopic rating, low power structure, intergranular corrosion, superalloy microstructure, high temperature metallographic structure Kali.
Ka hoʻohālikelike hoʻohālikelike, ka ʻike waiwai, ka nānā ʻole ʻana, ka ʻāpana ʻāpana, ka nānā ʻana kemika

Ka nānā 'ana i ka hā'ule: ka wehewehe ha'iha'i, ka nānā 'ana i ka corrosion, etc.;

ʻIke Elemental: ʻike pono a me ka nānā ʻana o ka manganese, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, silicon, hao, aluminika, phosphorus, chromium, vanadium, titanium, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, cerium, lanthanum i nā metala, nā alloys a me kā lākou huahana. , a me ke kila kila , Calcium, magnesium, zinc, tin, antimony, arsenic a me nā mea metala ʻē aʻe i haku ʻia a me ka ʻike;